Statistical optimization of culture medium for yellow pigment production by Thermomyces sp.
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Abstract
In present study, Thermomyces sp. were able to produce high yield of yellow pigments screened. Pigment production by Thermomyces sp was optimized by employing factorial design and response surface techniques in submerged fermentation. The variables evaluated were the concentrations of, sucrose, yeast extract, ammonium sulphate, magnesium sulphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate having as response pigment production. One factor at-a-time method was employed for the optimization of media components. Response surface methodology (RSM) optimized these nutrient parameters for maximum yellow pigment production (1387 OD units), which resulted at 35.5 g/L sucrose 5.5 g/L yeast extract, 2.5 g/L NH4SO4, 0.3 g/L MgSO4 and 1.0 g/L K2HPO4 in the medium. Response surface methodology (RSM) was further used to determine the optimum values of process variables for maximum yellow pigment production. The fit of the quadratic model was found to be significant. A significant increase in yellow pigment production was achieved using RSM.
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Keywords
Nutrient parameters, Response surface methodology, Thermomyces sp, Yellow pigment
References
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Box, G.P, and Wilson, K.B. (1951). On the experimental attainment of optimum conditions. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 13: 1-45.
Box, G.E P, and Draper, N.R. (1987). Empirical Model-Building and Response Surfaces. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Chen, M.H, and Johns, M.R. (1993). Effect of pH and nitrogen source on pigment production by Monascus purpureus. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 40: 132–138.
Cho, Y.J., Hwang, H.J., Kim, S.W., Song, C.H, and Yun, J. W. (2002). Effect of carbon source and aeration rate on broth rheology and fungal morphology during red pigment production by Paecilomyces sinclairii in a batch bioreactor. Journal of Biotechnology, 95: 13–23.
Choudhari, S, and Singhal, R. (2008). Media optimization for the production of beta-carotene by Blakeslea trispora: A statistical approach. Bioresorce Technology; 99: 722–730.
Chung, C.C., Huang, T.C, and Chen, H.H. (2009). The optimization of Monascus fermentation process for pigments increment and citrinin reduction, 9th IEEE International Conference on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering; 77-83.
Dufossé, L., Galaup, P., Carlet, E., Flamin, C., and Valla, A. (2005). Spectrocolorimetry in the CIE L*a*b* color space as useful tool for monitoring the ripening process and the quality of PDO red-smear soft cheeses. Food Research International, 38: 919–924.
Fogarty, R.V, and Tobin, J.M, (1996). Fungal melanins and their interactions with metals. Enzyme Microbiol Technology, 19: 311–317.
González, J.B, and Miranda, R.U. (2010). Biotechnological production and applications of statins. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology : 85: 869-883
Gunasekaran, S., and Poorniamma,l R. (2008). Optimization of fermentation conditions for red pigment production from Penicillium sp. under submerged cultivation. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7(12): 1894-1898.
Haisheng, W., Peixia, J., Yuan, L., Zhiyong, R., Ruibo, J., Xin-Hui, X., Kai, L and Don,g W. (2009). Optimization of culture conditions for violacein production by a new strain of Duganella sp. B2. Biochemical Engineering Journal; 44: 119–124.
Harry, M.J., Mann, P.S., Hodgins, O.C.D., Hulbert R.L., Lacke, C.J. (2010). Practition’s Guide to Statistics and Lean Six Sigma for Process Improvements. John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey.
Kalil, S.J, Maugeri, F. and Rodrigues, M.I. (2000). Response surface analysis and simulation as a tool for bioprocess design and optimization. Process Biochemistry, 35: 539–550.
Kim, C.H., Kim, S.W, and Hong, S.I. (1998). Production of red pigment by Serratia sp. KH-95 and its cultural properties. Korean Journal of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 13: 431–437.
Lin, C, and Lizuka H. (1982). Production of extracellular pigment by a mutant of Monascus kaoliang sp. nov. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 43: 671-676
Mapari, S.A., Meyer, AS., Thrane, U.S, and Frisvad, J.C. (2009). Identification of potentially safe promising fungal cell factories for the production of polyketide natural food colorants using chemotaxonomic rationale. Microbial cell factories, 8 (24) : 1-15
Makhmur, A., and Bibhu, P.P, (2014). Optimization of red pigment production by Monascus purpureus MTCC 369 under solid-state fermentation using response surface methodology. Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 36 (4): 439-444
Poorniammal, R., Gunasekaran, S., and Murugesan, R. (2013). Natural pigment production by Thermomyces sp. using response surface methodology. Research Journal of Chemistry and Environment, 17(7): 25-31
Poorniammal, R, Gunasekaran, S. and Ariharasivakumar, G. (2011).Toxicity evaluation of fungal food colourant from Thermomyces sp. Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 70: 773-777
Sani, J., Montira, N., Panit,K., Taweerat, V, and Anan, T, (2013). Statistical Optimization for Monacolin K and Yellow Pigment Production and Citrinin Reduction by Monascus purpureus in Solid-State Fermentation Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 23(3): 364-374
Silveria, S.T., Daroit, D.J, and Brandelli, A. (2008). Pigment production by Monascus purpureus in grape waste using factorial design. Food Science and Technology-LEB; 41: 170-174.
Xiong, Y.H., Liu, J.Z., Song, H.Y., and Ji, L.N. (2004). Enhanced production of extracellular ribonuclease from Aspergillus niger by optimization of culture conditions using response surface methodology. Biochemical Engineering Journal, 21: 27–32.
Xu, C.P., Kim, S.W., Hwang, H.J., Choi, J.W, and Yun, J.W. (2003). Optimization of submerged culture conditions for mycelial growth and exobiopolymer production by Paecilomyces tenuipes C240. Process Biochemistry, 38: 1025–1030.
Yu, X., Hallett, S.G., Sheppard, J., and Watson, A.K. (1997). Application of Plackett-Burman experimental design to evaluate nutritional requirements for the production of Collectotrichum coccodes spores. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 47: 301-305
Zhou, B., Wang, J., Pu, Y., Zhu, M., Liu, S., and Liang, S. (2009). Optimization of culture medium for yellow pigments production with Monascus anka mutant using response surface methodology. European Food Research Technology: 228: 895-901.
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Statistical optimization of culture medium for yellow pigment production by Thermomyces sp. (2015). Journal of Applied and Natural Science, 7(1), 203-210. https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.590
